
Article 6: Why Did the World Trade Center Collapse?
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Incorrect statement: The steel could not melt in the flames and there was way more structural damage that just the softening steel.
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The World Trade Center was built in the mid-1960 and the early 1970’s.
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They were a new approach to skyscrapers, lightweight and included modular construction methods.
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To make the towers capable of withstanding high wind speed and storms, a “perimeter cube” design was selected.
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The building was about 95% air, which explains why there wasn’t that much debris when the towers collapsed.
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The type of construction was redundant, it columns were lost, it could still stand.
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The aircraft was a lot less than the impact was able to withstand, the outer perimeter columns were only stressed 1/3 of its 200 MPa design capability.
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A great significance to the impact was the many gallons of jet fuel lost in the crash.
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The fire was the principle cause of the collapse.
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People often confuse temperature and heat, which are fairly different.
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The temperature of the fire at the World Trade Center was not unusually hot.
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The temperature was far from being able to melt steel.
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A jet burner is the type of flame that generates the most heat.
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The World Trade Center fire was fuel rich, which explains the black smoke.
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It’s unlikely that steel in the crash experienced temperatures higher than 750-800 degrees Celsius.
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The steel could have supported two to three times the stresses put on from the World Trade Center fire.
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The towers lost too many columns possible for it to stand because of the fire, which is why it collapsed.
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The buildings collapsed in about 10 seconds, 200 km per hour.
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Since the building was 95% air it could implode on itself.
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The world Trade Center want defectively designed, no one would have thought the attack would happen.
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The towers only lasted for about 2 hours because the fire fuel load was so big.
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After all the debris was cleaned up, the asbestos fire insulation made it hazardous for workplaces nearby.
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The building codes for buildings has changes since the World Trade Center attack.
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Because of the design, it was impossible for the aircraft impact to topple the building.
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Instead of saving the building, engineers and officials want to make it easier to save the people with better evacuation systems.